The Flies Essays - The Flies, Orestes, Electra, Erinyes,

The Flies Title: The Flies (Les Mouches) Author: Jean-Paul Sartre Publisher: Vintage International Edition, October 1989 Genre: Dramatic play Setting: City of Argos, Greece Minor characters: Aegistheus- He overthrows Agamemnon, makes Clytemnestra his wife and takes rule of Argos. He invents lies in order to make his people fear him. This only proofs that he is poor when it comes to having an actual strong character. A king shouldnt have to create lies. His people should both respect and fear him for his authority, but due to his lack of authority he takes it upon himself to create these conditions so that he may get what he wants from his people. Tutor- He is Orestes advisor who is basically responsible for Orestes education and practically raised and nurtured him. He is wise and seems to be logical. The Tutor in my opinion is of importance to the play because he offers Orestes with support and logical advice. Electra- Daughter of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra. When she was young Clytemnestra and her stepfather Aegistheus murdered her father. She grows to become a rebel. For fifteen years all she dreamt of was murder and revenge. When she is reunited with her long lost brother Orestes, she persuades him to avenge the murder of their father. Once this is accomplished she cant confront the consequences of her actions. She takes side with Zeus and takes his words as her excuse (It was committed by someone else; one could hardly say even that you were his accomplice pg.114). Electra is a vital contribution to this play because she plays and fits the role of The Stone. Main character: Orestes, son of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra was to be executed as an infant but instead he escaped and was raised by good-natured people. Years later while he was still young, he returns to his native homeland Argos. His sister Electra persuades him to avenge their fathers death by killing his mother and stepfather. One of Orestes main conflict or problem was actually killing Aegistheus and his mother. This is a not a big conflict for him. He is destined to do this no matter what may result out of it. One can say the solution to his problem was the actual action of killing both his mother and stepfather, which he does surprisingly with no remorse. We can see this because he puts it best: Remorse? Why should I feel remorse? I am only doing what is right(-pg.102), The most cowardly of murders is he who feels remorse(-pg.116). Orestes is the true hero of the play because he did what he had to. Not only that, but he did it so that he may win the name of guilt-stealer; casting all his peoples remorse on himself so that he can earn the freedom of Argos (-pg.91). At the end of the play Orestes is persuaded by the furies. This could imply that he suffers, but yet he is still the hero and he does accomplish what he was destined to do. English Essays

Designing a Program Essay Example

Designing a Program Essay Example Designing a Program Essay Designing a Program Essay Designing a Program Name: Institution: Date: Designing a Program Program design enables the programmer to think about his plans before implementing them. This enables programmers to have a better and deeper understanding of the problem they are about to solve. Consequently, this leads to fewer mistakes during program development, and it quickens the development of the program. Program design leads to the development of high quality programs, which solve the problem they are intended to solve. Program design also helps to reduce the time taken in coding and testing the program. Design enables the programmer to identify the input data, and the output received from the computer program (Brewer, 2009). I think that flowcharts would be more beneficial for me. Their use of graphical representation using symbols makes it easy to understand the necessary processes. Once a person learns all the symbols, it becomes easy to understand where to place all the input. I find it more interesting to look at graphical illustrations, than reading the algorithms describing the programming process. Once a person has a clear understanding of the program essentials, it becomes easy to develop a flowchart (Sharma Thapliyal, 2010). Programmers would face numerous problems if they wrote the code without designing the program. Perhaps the major problem they would encounter is developing an efficient code, which does not help in solving any problem (Pilone Miles, 2007). For instance, a person who wants to develop a program for issuing a company’s salary slips needs to have all the information necessary in designing the slips. Writing the code without this information will result to miscalculation of salaries, and this could be costly to the organization. References Brewer, D. (2009). How to develop a computer program. Retrieved from http://suite101.com/article/how-to-develop-a-computer-program-a96012 Pilone, D., Miles, R. (2007). Head first software development. Schastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, Inc Sharma, M. K., Thapliyal, M. P. (2010). Concept of computer and c programming. New Delhi: Laxmi Publications, Ltd.

Challenges faced (Cultural, perceptional and religious perspective ) Research Paper

Challenges faced (Cultural, perceptional and religious perspective ) and acceptance of Islamic Finance in western (Non Islamic C - Research Paper Example Also discussed is the concern over Islamic finance allegedly supporting terrorism, and why some western countries equate Islamic finance with supporting terrorism. Some implications are highlighted and recommendations are then made based on the research as to how to deal with such issues and overcome the barriers to making Islamic finance more acceptable in Western countries. Although most Islamic banks are concentrated in Muslim countries, they are also to be found in many non-Muslim countries, especially in Europe and the U.S.). In addition, some conventional banks have also begun to offer Islamic financing schemes such as the HSBC Amanah division of HSBC Group established in 1998. Also, although several studies have been conducted on attitudes towards Islamic banking and the patronization of Islamic banks with reference to IFIs located in Muslim countries, some studies, albeit very few have also been conducted to gather the views and preferences of Western customers. A selection o f these IFIs located in Western countries is also the focus of attention and the few studies referred to above are mentioned. General perceptions of Islamic finance It proved to be difficult to ascertain the perceptions of Westerners towards Islamic finance due to a lack of studies in this area. Most studies have examined customers from Muslim and other developing countries. To give an example of one significant study, Erol & El-Bdour (1989) studied attitudes towards Islamic banking in Jordan. They used a nine-part question/statement instrument and showed that religious motivation was not such an important factor as a fast and efficient service, reputation and image, and confidentiality. Nonetheless, a general awareness of Islamic banks and their methods was evident. Sudin et al. (1994) conducted a more extensive study among both Muslims and non-Muslims in Malaysia. The three most important criteria for non-Muslims were firstly, friendliness of staff, secondly a fast and efficient s ervice, and thirdly the bank’s image and reputation. Another study on Malaysian customers showed that although most of them did not have a complete understanding of Islamic financial products, they did not differentiate between products from Islamic and conventional banks (Hamid & Nordin, 2001). In another study, Gerrard & Cunningham (1997) surveyed the attitude towards Islamic banking among Singaporeans where Muslims are in a minority. It was found that non-Muslims were generally lacking in awareness of Islamic banking. Furthermore, whereas Muslims were mainly motivated by religious reasons besides profitability, and had little interest in getting a high interest rate on savings, it was the opposite situation for non-Muslims. It is a similar situation in Turkey (Okumus, 2005). Even in non-Muslim countries like India where Muslims form a significant proportion of the country’s population, awareness of IFIs was low at the turn of the present century (Munawar & Llewellyn , 2002: 188). Less than half of the 720 persons interviewed knew that they even existed. This general finding of non-Muslims being more motivated by reasons other than religious ones could be the case in Western countries as well among non-Muslims that do use Islamic finance. However, during the past decade there has probably been an increasing awareness

The Three Major Components of a Product Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Three Major Components of a Product - Article Example The notion of ‘cost of production’ deals with the overall expenses which have been made by the production house in producing the particular product (Kaufman and Woodhead, 2006, p.164; Essential Components of RTI – A Closer Look at Response to Intervention, 2010, p.2). To understand the perceived complexity of tailored as opposed to standardized products, one needs to understand how different cultural influences concur with the perceived value as well as the importance known to a product or service by the market. A product, in this context, is more than the physical element and it is regarded as a package of different rewards and/or utilities that the buyer gets. These aspects include the shape, the flavor, the color, the smell and also the texture of the product. Also, aspects of how the product works, the packaging, the labeling, and the security are closely related to these aspects. Along with these aspects the service manufacturer and the retailer, the level of confidence or status enjoyed by the particular brand, the level of reputation of manufacturers, of a country of origin, or any other representative utility expected by the possession and/or use of that product. Considering a product mainly for the secondary market, the amount of adjustme nt which is required largely depends on the cultural differences as well as the perception of the market where these products were originally developed. The greater the level of cultural differences between these two markets, the higher the level of adaptation of the product that will be necessary (Barbu, n.d., p.109). One of the most important American products which have been changed to a great extent in the context of the increasing the volume of sales in the foreign market has been showing programs on the TV channel MTV.  

Business Research Proposal Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business Proposal - Research Paper Example In addition to exploration of weaknesses, opportunities will also be identified to take the restaurant from good to great. By differentiating itself from the growing number of similar, family-themed restaurants saturating the market, Olive Garden an increase in market share is predictable. BACKGROUND The intended audience of this business research proposal is the Olive Garden’s CEO and the regional manager responsible for the Miami, Florida location. The specific problems to be addressed are restroom cleanliness and sanitization, length of wait to be seated upon check-in, and lack of staff efficiency. After visiting this location on several occasions, at various times and on different days of the week, these three issues have been reoccurring. By focusing on these three issues, the restaurant will have made great strides toward reaching its full potential. An improvement that would allow the restaurant to differentiate itself from other similar style restaurants is offering ch ild care to customers. In my experience, family and friends with children have wanted to go out to a romantic dinner for a â€Å"date night,† but were unable to find a babysitter. Providing child care as a free service to guests will increase the restaurant’s market share by tapping into an area of the market that is perhaps non-existent. Personally, I have never been to a restaurant that offers such a service.

Slogans Used By Indian Brands

Slogans Used By Indian Brands on their role in advertising effectiveness, Slogans with power-packed words conveying what the brand stands for are handy tools, for all companies big and small. One is yet to see a brand which expresses itself without words. Integral to brand building unequivocally are slogans. Slogans and non verbal messages reinforce each other in communication effort. A unique and winning slogan should be a product of aggressive brain churning done by more than one individual over a considerable length of time rather than just a few hours. Slogans framing calls for pooling of talents, clarifying of vision, visualizing of the graph line of products growth and evolving of a communication strategy. The exercise involves efforts of many creative people cutting across all echelons of organizational hierarchy, but primarily with a lead role assumed by top brass. Efforts and seriousness shown in slogan making foretells the future success of the brand, since it covers a wide range of decisions including strategic as well as tactical ones, if at all right decisions are anything to do with brands success. This paper explores whether the use of slogans for Indian brands can play vital role in advertising effectiveness, and tells what message to be conveyed by the use of slogans and by what features the slogans should be made to make them effective . Key words: Advertising Slogans Nomenclature Criteria Effectiveness Slogans used by Indian brands: A brief analytical study on their role in advertising effectiveness CONTENTS: ADVERTISING MESSAGE NOMENCLATURE OF SLOGANS CRITERIA FOR A WINNING SLOGAN DISCUSSION CONCLUSION REFERENCES ADVERTISING The word advertising is derived from the Latin word, advertero which can be broken into ad and verto means towards and I turn respectively. Literally it means to a specific thing. The definitions committee of the American Marketing Association (AMA) defined (1960), advertising as any paid form of non-personal presentation of idea, goods or service by an identified sponsor. Advertising is purposeful communications designed with a view to specific objectives. Advertising attempts to persuade prospective buyers to buy a product/service. Stanton observes that advertising consists of all the activities involved the presenting to a group a non-personal, oral or visual, openly sponsored message regarding a product, service or idea. The message called an advertisement is disseminated through one or more media and is paid for by the identified sponsor. Hausen says that advertising includes those activities by which visual or oral messages are addressed to the people for the purpose of informing them and influencing them either to buy merchandise or service or to act or be inclined favorably towards idea, institutions or persona featured. In contrast with publicity and other forms of propaganda, advertising messages are identified with advertiser either by signature or by oral statement. In further contrast to publicity, advertising is a commercial transaction involving payment to publishers or broad casters and others whose media are employed. Shapiro defines advertising as a non-personal paid message of commercial significance about a product, service or company made to a market by an identified sponsor. Advertising according to Kotler is any paid form of non personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods or services by an identified sponsor. Thus in developing an advertising program one must always start by identifying the market needs and buyer motives and must make five major decisions commonly referred as 5 ms (Mission, Money, Message, Media and Measurement) of advertising shown in below figure 1: Message Generation Evaluation Selection Execution Social Responsibility Mission Sales goals Advertising Objectives Money (Budget) Factors determining budget are Stages in PLC Mkt share consumer Base Competition Ad frequency Product substitution ability Media Reach, frequency impact Major media types Specific media vehicles Geographical medium allocations Social Responsibility Measurement Communications impact Sales impact Fig. 1 : The five Ms of Advertising MESSAGE Message is a product of creativity. Creativity is the ability to produce original ideas. Creativity influences advertising much before visualization and copy writing. Planning of the ad, takes a great deal of creativity. Message should consist of the following elements shown in the following figure 2. Message Non-verbal Elements Music Color Trade mark / Brand mark Picture Unusual sound etc. Verbal elements Headlines Sub heads Body text Slogans Right proportion of each results in Creative mix Fig 2. Elements of Message-Creative-mix The verbal elements and nonverbal elements in the right proportion (given the product, target market, and other things) results in the creative mix which create more attention value for the advertiser. A brief description the elements of message are presented as follows: Music Music has high attention value and is capable of arousing emotions. Mostly, life-style advertising adopts this format. It is popularly used for personal care products, soft drinks and so on. This format makes audience remember the brands and the company. Recall of ad by consumers even amidst busy life actively, is possible owing to music insertion. Color Colors are often used to attract the attention and also to introduce memory value. Color possesses three qualities or attributes namely (a) the symbolic hallmark of Quality (hue) (b) the degree of lightness or darkness of a color (value) (c) intensity or purity of hue or the strength of a color (chroma). Trademarks / Brand Marks / pictures These also checked with the intention of relating the ad to the company or product and hence more memorability is possible. Unusual sounds These play an important role in the creation of more attention value and memorability for example, Lijjat papad ad carries at the end of the ad unusual sounds being produced by the pet animals. Headlines sub heads Usually headline appears at the top of the body-copy but is not always. In some cases, headlines appear at the bottom or middle space of the ad. Generally, it is set in bolder and larger type and its short and drags the reader to the body text. When body text is lengthy, the message is divided into paragraphs and each is given a subhead to highlight the theme of the paragraph. Body Copy It forms the main part of the ad apart from visual elements, headlines and captions. The size of the body text differs from ad to ad and some ads may contain a shorter body text and for some other, it will be larger. For technical products, generally the body text is lengthier. Slogans A distinctive catchy phrase that serves as a motto for a campaign brand, or company. It is used across a variety of marketing communication messages and over an extended period of time. Slogans are a short phrase used in part to help establish an image, identity or position for a brand or an organization, but mostly used to increase memorability. (Gurnn, Allen, Semenik, Thomson south-western, Vikas publishing house, ND, 2003). In other words, slogan is a set of short, simple, clear catchy and colorful words used to attract and hold the attention of the customer. The slogans should be short, direct, sweet, easily pronounceable, easily remembered, time proof and yet pleasing to ears. It is a concise but an effective way of telling an idea. Slogans also facilitate the conduct of tests of marketing research. The purpose of which is also called a strap line, in an advertisement is to leave the key brand message in the mind of the target (Foster Timothy R V, Ad slogans unlimited). NOMENCLATURE OF SLOGANS Slogan nomenclature varies from place to place. In many parts of the world and also generically, they are called slogans. In the USA, they are tags and taglines. In the UK, they are end lines, endlines or strap lines. In Germany they are called claims where as in France signatures. In the Netherlands, slogans are called payoffs. By and large, slogans are treated as trademarks. CRITERIA FOR A PERFECT SLOGAN Charless L Whittier in his book Creating Advertising says slogan should be a statement of such merit about a product or service that it is worthy of continuous repetition in advertising, is worth while for the public to remember, and is phrased in such a way that the public is likely to remember it. Foster Timothy has proposed the principles of framed dos and donts a perfect slogan as follows: A Slogan should be memorable When a person is able to recall the line without any aid, the slogan is said to be memorable. The more the repetition of the slogan the more is its memorability. It also depends on the brand heritage and the big ideas conveyed successfully through advertisements. Further interest-provocative and contextual illustrations or story, alliteration, specially coined words, puns, antithesis and rhymes are good ways of making slogans memorable. Tongue- friendly phrases and happy brand experiences make the slogan memorable. Brand equity is a function of memorability. Memorability improves the shelf life of a slogan. A few cases of rhyme-filled and memorable slogans are hereunder: Examples Alliteration: Syndicate Bank: Reliable, responsible (CFA, Jan 2003) ICICI Bank: Safer, simpler, smarter (Eenadu, 13-2-2003) Rhymes: Andhra Bank: First in Service Best in banking (CFA Jan 2003) Canara Bank: Serving to grow Growing to serve (FE Feb 2003) Puns : ACC cement : Double action, longer life (DC, 14-02-03) Amway : Better ideas, better life (TOI 16-02-2003) A slogan should aid in the recall of the brand name By reading the slogan, one should be able to remember the brand name of the product/ company. Ideally the brand name should be included in the slogan. The best way for bringing the brand name into spotlight is to frame the slogan with a rhyme in it. For example: Brand name : Maruthi zen: just add zen to your life (BT 02-02-03) Yamaha Enticer two wheeler: Blue blooded yamaha (TOI 4-2-03) National school of banking: At NSB we teach success (TH 10-2-03) Rhyme: ESPN channel: Think better, win bigger (TH 8/2/03) Thomos cook (Tourism) : Best holidays, honest prices (TOI 3/2/03) Vellore institute of Technology: A place to learn, a chance of grow (TH 5/2/03) Amarraja Batteries: lasts long, really long (India Today Jan 20/03) A slogan should contain a key benefit Many advertisers include key benefit in the slogan to convey about the benefit to the consumer in a concise way. For example. Key benefit Product/company Slogan Source Safety for the investment Mutual fund (First India MF) Where safety comes first Brand Equity quiz book Jan 2003 Prosperity Can Bank MF Together for long term prosperity Fortune India Jan 31-03 Better training Amity B-Schools We nurture talent TOI 3/2/03 Quality of life GE country wide consumer financial services (personal loans) We bring good things to life. DC 10/02/03 Mileage TVS Suzuki victor More smiles per hour TOI 11/2/03 New things National Geographic TV channel Before we make programme, we make history National Geographic Channel A slogan should differentiate the brand A slogan should depict a characteristic about the brand that sets it apart from its competitors. For example. SOTC world Famous tours: the smartest way to see the world (TH 3/2/03) HSBC Bank : The worlds local Bank (Readers Digest Jan 03) Western Union : the fattest way to receive money world wide (TH 3/2/03) Kurlon mattresses : Pure sleep nothing else (Readers digest Jan 03) Voltas AC : Acs with IQ (TOI 14/2/03) The Indian express newspaper : Journalism of courage, (Network magazine Jan 03) Sansui TVS : Better than the best (DC 3/2/03) SERVO (lubricants) : World class engine oils (CFA Jan 03) JK Tyres : total control (BT 2/2/03) A slogan should invoke positive feelings about the brand A slogan should invoke positive feelings about the brand by conveying the benefit/comforts or the uses of the product/service in a compact form. For example. Yashoda hospital (Super specialty) We hope you will never need us, TH 8/2/03 Apollo Hospital Touching lives DC 5/2/03 Oyzterbay (Jewellery) Jewellery for the living TOI 10/2/03 Air Sahara Emotionally yours TH 11/02/03 Cathay pacific (Air liner) Now youre really flying Bran Equity Quiz book July 03 State Bank of India With you all the way, Readers digest Jan 03 HDFC (Home loans) With you right through, TOI 3/2/03 JK Papers Creating lasting impressions, BT 2/2/03 South Eastern Railways Striving for excellence , DC 16/02/03 Birla Ready mix concrete for construction concrete on call, TH 13/02/03 Global hospitals Medical Excellence through team work. TH 16-02-03 Salora (TVS) The perfect match, TH 16/2/03 LIC (Jeevan Suraksha) Self reliance for life, TOI 14/02/03 Zurich India Building a worry free world, TOI 6/2/03 A slogan that is reflect the brands personality Personality implies habitual patterns and qualities of behavior of any individual as expressed by physical and mental activities and attitudes, as well as distinctive individual qualities of a person consider collectively. For example: Idea Cellular Idea prepaid card: An idea can change your life DC 6/2/03 Network associates (network security ) :your network our business, Data quest Jan 31-03 LG Electronics : Expand your life DC 4/2/03 ICICI Prudential (Life Insurance) :We cover you, At every step in life TOI 4/2/03 New City Hospitals Secbad :Treating you with care Indian Express 4/2/03 SBI (Life Insurance): with us, youre sure TOI 5/2/03 HDFC Bank (Credit Cards) : we understand your world TH 14/2/03 Khazana furniture: your status, your taste your class, Our solution, TH 15/2/03 Franklin India Blue chip Fund (MF) : Performing consistently for you TH 17/2/03 Financial Express: What people in the chair gave on their table FE 1/2/03 Eureka Forbes (Aqua guard water purifier) : your friend for life, Brand Equity quiz book Jan 03 IFFCO -TOKIO General insurance: the life you deserve BT 2/2/03 Birla sun life insurance : Your dreams our commitment. BT Jan 20/Feb 2 2003 A Slogan should be strategic Some companies convey their business strategy may effectively through the use of slogans, such as BSNL (telecom) : Connecting India, TH, 8/2/03 Vignan Schools : Global standards, India values TOI 8/2/03 Hindalco (Aluminum) : World Class Quality TOI 9/2/03 Siemens (Telecom) : Global network of innovations DC 17/2/03 Patni computers : World wide partnerships World wide solutions ,TOI 5/2/03 Matrix labs : Chemistry together TH 5/2/03 Wipro (Soft) : Applying thought TH 5/2/03 Nokia (Cell phones) : connecting people ET 5/2/03 Malaysia Airlines: Going beyond expectations, BI Jan 20 Feb 2 03 Jagan Institute of mgmt: Developing the corporate leaders of tomorrow , Indian mgmt Jun 03 UTI (MF) : For you better tomorrow, CFA Jan 2003 A slogan should be campaignable When the slogan works across a series of advertising executions, the slogan said to have some shelf life. For different ads with different story boards, if the same tagline used, the tag line said to be campaignable. For example: Pepsi (Soft Drink) Yeh dil mange more Telcos Tata Indica More car per car Reliance infocomm Karlo duniya mutti mein Nokia cell phones Connecting people BSNL (telecom) Connecting India Wipro Soft Applying thought Boost (energy drink) Boost is the secret of our energy Raymond Garments clothes The complete man H BO (TV channel) Simply the best Voltas (ACs) Acs with IQ A slogan should not be usable by a competitor One should not be able to substitute a competitive brand name and use the slogan. Further a little modification in the line which does not lead to any change in the theme conveyed by the companies. For example Nokia (Cell phone): Connecting people ET 5/2/03 BSNL (Telecom): Connecting India ET 5/2/03 SBI (Home loans): with you all the way , Readers Digest,03 TATA AIG (Insurance): with you always, BI,Jan20-Feb 2,03 HDFC (Home loans): with you, right through, Readers Digest Jan 2003 LIC (Insurance): with you all the time , FI,31/1/03 Bank of Baroda: Banking on Relationships, BI Jan 20 Feb 2 03 The Ohanalakshmi bank Ltd : Relationships forever, Fortune India 31/1/03 AIMA: Excellent in mgmt, CFA Jan 2003 ICFAI: In search of excellence, India Mgt Jan 2003 Slogan should be original Originality is king. Originality stands out. Originality improves the chances of impressing the message on target group. But, originality is hard to come by except with creative process. For example: Business Today (Business magazine): For managing tomorrow BT any issue Maruthi (Wagon R): Inspired Engineering Readers Digest Jan 03 Telco (Tata Indica): More car per car TOI 3/2/03 Pepsi (soft drink): Yeh dil mange more TOI 5/2/03 Sansui (TVS): Better than the best DC 3/2/03 Philips (TVS): Lets make things better, TOI 3/2/03 Ing vysya: Adding life to insurance ,Brand Equity quiz book, Jan 2003 MRF (Tyres): Tyres with muscle Eenadu 1-2-03 Slogan should be simple Simple means it should be short and in simple word so that the target market understand and get impressed. Being simple excludes many things. conversely accommodating too many meanings in a simple phase requires high thoughtfulness. But the most common folly is missing out the best in the endeavor to express the best. Simple words can tell simple things but not big ideas. Being too simple is tantamount to mediocrity unless some rhythm, rhyme and magic are built in to it. Let us look at a few practices. DHL Worldwide Express (Cargo): The pulse of business, TOI 28/1/03 Amity B-School: We nurture talent, TOI 3/1/03 Fenna (India ) (Industrial product) : Fit and forget BW 17/2/03 Andhra Bank (Credit Cards):First in service best in banking, CFA Jan 03, Eureka Forbes (Aqua guard water purifier): your friend for life , Brand Equity quiz book Jan 03 LG Electronics (Electronics): Expand your life , DC 4/2/03 Thompson (TVS): Happy technology to you, TOI 3/2/03 Slogan should be neat A neat slogan helps portray the product progressively in the punters perception. For example: PC Quest (computer magazine): Enhance your computing, PC Quest any issue Nestle (Nesthum): Light Nutritious TH 30/1/03 Britania (biscuits): Eat healthy, think better TH 6/2/03 Slogan should be believable Poetic expressions and exaggeration is seen on the endlines, such as: HSBC Bank (Credit Cards): The worlds local bank , Readers Digest Jan 03 Aaj Tak (News Channel) : The nations best news channel BT 2/2/03 Seagrams (Music products) : Above it all BT 2/2/03 Mahindra Mahindra (Scorpio Zeep): Nothing else will do, BI Jan 20 Feb 2m 2003 Sansui (TVS): Better than the best, DC 3/2/03 Servo (Engine Oil): World Class engine oil, CFA Jan 2003 LIC (Komal Jeevan): Zindagi ke saath bhi, Zindagi ke baad bhi, Brand Equity Quiz Book, Jan 03 Firmly anchored on truth, honesty and simplicity, the phrases lend themselves to be believable. Overstatement as well as understatement will stifle believability. Take a look at a few cases. Slogan should help when customer ordering the product or service Slogans distinguish some from the other in the product line or choice set. They facilitate customers communication with the selling, obviating wrong shipments. The cases in point are: BMW : I want to have the ultimate driving machine , AXN Channel Weight watches: Give me taste, Not waist, HBO Channel (Meals) Fed Express: why fool around with anyone else, HBO Channel Slogan should not be in current use by others The more different users of a slogan, the less effective it is. Banker and insurance companies and also telecom companies use more or less same meaning giving or with same words in their slogans. The mission, strategy and message of two brands may be the same. But each of them should occupy a distinct slot in the consumers mind. This is what brand positioning is all about. The slogan in most cases expresses its position. If the positioning is proper, this slogan will not be in current use by any other brand. Take a look at a few cases. AIMA (B-School): Excellent in management Indian mgt Jan 03 ICFAI (B-School): In search of excellence, TH, SBI (Home loans): with you all the way Readers Digest Jan 03 HDFC (Home loans): with you right through TOI 3/2/03 LIC (Insurance): with you all the time Fortune India 31/1/03 TATA AIG (Insurance): with you always BI Jan 20-Feb 2 03 Bank of Baroda: Banking on relationships, CFA Jan 2003 The Dhana Lakshmi Bank ltd: Relationships for ever, CFA Jan 2003. Slogan should not be bland, generic or hackneyed Slogans that are bland, nedolent of mom and aprole-pie, clearly suffer a weakness. Almost any brand could use these lines and lines are dull and monotony. For example. UTI (MF): For you better tomorrow, CFA Jan 2003 Union Bank of India: Good people to bank with, Readers Digest Jan 2003 AIMA B-School: Excellence in mgmt, Indian Mgt Jan -03 GE Country wide Consumer Financial Services: We bring good things to life, DC 10-2-03 West Bengal IDC: Making things happen, Indian mgmt Jan -03 Slogan should not prompt a sarcastic or negative response Malaysia Airlines: Going beyond expectation , BI Jan 20/Feb 2 2003 (Expectations differ from passenger to passenger) Fiat Palio (4 wheeler): Technology to the max, DC 6/2/2003 (Can you define the max limit of the Technology) Ing Vysya life insurance : Adding life to insurance , Brand equity quiz book Jan 2003 (How can it be possible?) Slogan should not be pretentious This is called pomposity test. Promise less and deliver more mind set leads to high customers satisfaction. Promising what is not possible will only result in fast slide of the brand along graph line of satisfaction and loyalty to customers. A slogan should give the true spin of importance for example: IIPM -B School: What we teach today the other adopt tomorrow Community (Digital copier): We are in your corner, BI, Jan 20 /Feb 2003 Birla sun life insurance: Your dreams our commitment, BI Jan 2/Feb 2 2003 AFL private (Cargo): Where movement is a science, FI 31/1/03 Slogan should not be negative Negative Advertising is hard to justify and some times the negative slogan confuse the customer, such as Yashoda Hospitals: We hope you will never need us, TH 8/2/2003 Slogan should not neck of corporate waffle, hence sounding unreal For example DSP Merrill lynch (MF): Bullish on life, TOI 11/2/03 (Onida) MNC Electronics (Black TV): It will change your world DC 3/2/03 KLA Electronics (UPS): Leadership beyond compare, Data Quest 31/1/03 South Eastern Railways: Striving for excellence DC 10/2003 Slogan should not be a so what ? or Ho-hum statement For example Bharat overseas Bank Ltd, A bank owned by 7 banks (so what ?), CFA Jan 2003 Slogan should not make you say oh yeah For example: Apex Academy (IIT /JEE coaching): We take your career as seriously as you do! TOI 10/2/03 (o w yeah!) Videocon (Electronics): Technology for health and pleasure, Brand Equity Quiz Jan 03, (oh yeah!) Patni computers: world wide partnership, world wide solutions,TOI 5/2/03 (oh yeah!) Slogan should not be meaningless and complicated or clumsy For example AFL Private (Cargo): Where movement is a science, FI 31/1/03 Yamaha (Enticer 2 wheeler): Blue blooded Yamaha, TOI 4/2/03 Slogan could be trendy It implies that a slogan should be as short as possible Single word slogans are : Compaq HP: Invent , Data Quest 15/1/03 Apollo Tyres: unstoppable , BI Jan 20/Feb 2 2003 Two or three words slogans and three terse ideas such as: The new Indian express (news paper ): Sarvathra Vijayam Newspaper any day Business Today: For managing tomorrow , BT any issue Maruthi Vagon R: Inspired Engineering, Readers Digest Jan 2003 LG Electronics: Expand yourself, TOI 3/2/03 Syndicate Bank: Reliable, Responsible, CFA Jan 2003 Jaypee institute of mgt : Education, Enlightenment, Empowerment, TH 12/2/2003 Khazana Furniture: your status, your taste Your class, our solutions,TH 15/2/03 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Slogans with power-packed words conveying what the brand stands for are handy tools, for all companies big and small. One is yet to see a brand which expresses itself without words. Integral to brand building unequivocally are slogans. Slogans and non verbal messages reinforce each other in communication effort. A unique and winning slogan should be a product of aggressive brain churning done by more than one individual over a considerable length of time rather than just a few hours. Slogans framing calls for pooling of talents, clarifying of vision, visualizing of the graph line of products growth and evolving of a communication strategy. The exercise involves efforts of many creative people cutting across all echelons of organizational hierarchy, but primarily with a lead role assumed by top brass. Efforts and seriousness shown in slogan making foretells the future success of the brand, since it covers a wide range of decisions including strategic as well as tactical ones, if at all right decisions are anything to do with brands success. Slogan framing if interested to ad-hoc advertising professionals will be ill-fated unless the professionals are thoroughly familiar with the brands and its strategization through their long association with the brand. Focus on slogan making is focus on an area of paramount importance since it touches on strategization and communication. The analysis has boiled down to identification of chief functions of a slogan and critic for effective slogan. The functions of an effective slogan are: Credibility b) Convenience of recall c) Communicational ease d) Creative distinctiveness which is called 4Cs testing framework. 4Cs testing framework can not only help evaluate the effectiveness of a slogan but also create a new winning slogan. The first and foremost function of slogan is establishing as well as maintaining credibility for the brand. Timothy prescribes that it should be believable, should not be pretentious, should not be unreal, capable of invoking positive feelings, tout key benefits, represent personality of the brand and trigger deep strategy oriented thought process. Secondly, the slogan should help recall the brand name and the slogan itself. The prescriptive phrasing is that the slogan should be memorable, simple, and neat and reflect brands strategic orientation. Thirdly, the slogan should be of high creative distinctiveness, which of course is a product of high-rung creative thought process. The prescription for achieving this functionality is that the slogan should be trendy, original, differentiative and personality reflective. It should not be bland, generic, hackneyed and should not generate lackluster responses like so-what, ho-hum, oh-yeah etc. it should not be already in use by others and preferably should hedge itself against authorized or unauthorized use by competitors. It should not be a source of negative responses. Perhaps sarcastic phrasing will invoke negative responses only. Lastly, brand and business depend heavily on communicational ease of the message and slogan which is the subject on hand. The slogan should be campaignable and capable of providing ease of ordering a product by a customer. It should not be sarcastic lest negative responses are brought forth. Fig 3. 4Cs TESTING FRAMEWORK CREDIBILITY CONVENIENCE OF RECALL CREATIVE DISTINCTIVE-NESS COMMUNICATIONAL EASE Believable Not pretentious Not unreal Source of positive feeling speaks of key benefit. Memorable Aids in brand recall Simple Neat -Strategic Trendy Not bland Original Not in use by others Makes the brand standout Non-encroach able to competitors Does not generate lackluster responses Campaignable Ease in Ordering No

Essay --

Social and emotional issues take a toll on people everyday, which can be seen through cyberbullying. Cyberbullying is a modern take on ways to cause harm to others. Mostly in a mental form. The dictionary definition of cyberbullying is, the use of electronic communication to bully a person, typically by sending messages of an intimidating or threatening nature(Google). There are many social media sites, on each of them a form of cyberbullying can be found. These sites open the door for cyberbullying.To name a few social media sites that people may be cyberbullied on, there is Instagram, Tumblr, Facebook, ask.fm, twitter, and even just the elemental email. Instagram is a social media site, made for the posting of pictures, anyone who follows you can view these pictures making it easy for cyber bullies to bully people. When people may post a picture on this site it allows anyone to view it and leave any comments that they please. Those comments are not always the nicest of comments an d the can range from anywhere tto â€Å"you’re stupid†, or â€Å"you’re fat and ugly†. Tumblr is a site for posting pictures, videos, notes, and gifs. It is nice to see all of these thing, but there are video responses too. Many people use video responses to hurt other peoples feelings and make them feel down about themselves. THere are so many more social and emotional sites and so many more ways to hurt people using them. What matters is how people may cope or react to these different forms of cyberbullying. A twelve year old girl commited suicide just in september. Her mother believes that the cause of her daughters death was cyberbullying. Girls at her school told her to go die and many other bad thing. This young girls name was Rebecca Ann Sedwick. Cyber B... ...at make people feel bad and ones that make people feel good about themselves. Cyberbullying mostly exist in the realm of teens, but even adults have to deal with it. Adults may not do things as dramatic as cutting themselves, but they still have to find ways to deal with the pain. One way that an adult may deal with a problem like this is by doing drugs. Drugs may you happy. They do not make you joyful though because joy is something that last forever and you are only momentarily happy when you take drugs. This can lead to problems like cancer or bankruptcy. Drugs can also cause family issues. If all you do is think of drugs to make you happy because of the harm that other people have caused them, then they may completely abandon their family to get more drugs. Everyone has to deal with bullying in some way, shape, or form. How they handle it is what matters most. Essay -- Social and emotional issues take a toll on people everyday, which can be seen through cyberbullying. Cyberbullying is a modern take on ways to cause harm to others. Mostly in a mental form. The dictionary definition of cyberbullying is, the use of electronic communication to bully a person, typically by sending messages of an intimidating or threatening nature(Google). There are many social media sites, on each of them a form of cyberbullying can be found. These sites open the door for cyberbullying.To name a few social media sites that people may be cyberbullied on, there is Instagram, Tumblr, Facebook, ask.fm, twitter, and even just the elemental email. Instagram is a social media site, made for the posting of pictures, anyone who follows you can view these pictures making it easy for cyber bullies to bully people. When people may post a picture on this site it allows anyone to view it and leave any comments that they please. Those comments are not always the nicest of comments an d the can range from anywhere tto â€Å"you’re stupid†, or â€Å"you’re fat and ugly†. Tumblr is a site for posting pictures, videos, notes, and gifs. It is nice to see all of these thing, but there are video responses too. Many people use video responses to hurt other peoples feelings and make them feel down about themselves. THere are so many more social and emotional sites and so many more ways to hurt people using them. What matters is how people may cope or react to these different forms of cyberbullying. A twelve year old girl commited suicide just in september. Her mother believes that the cause of her daughters death was cyberbullying. Girls at her school told her to go die and many other bad thing. This young girls name was Rebecca Ann Sedwick. Cyber B... ...at make people feel bad and ones that make people feel good about themselves. Cyberbullying mostly exist in the realm of teens, but even adults have to deal with it. Adults may not do things as dramatic as cutting themselves, but they still have to find ways to deal with the pain. One way that an adult may deal with a problem like this is by doing drugs. Drugs may you happy. They do not make you joyful though because joy is something that last forever and you are only momentarily happy when you take drugs. This can lead to problems like cancer or bankruptcy. Drugs can also cause family issues. If all you do is think of drugs to make you happy because of the harm that other people have caused them, then they may completely abandon their family to get more drugs. Everyone has to deal with bullying in some way, shape, or form. How they handle it is what matters most.

Breathing Life Into Your Work

‘Love’. How can such a small word mean so much? It can make you feel as mighty as the wind or as miserable as the penniless. Funny, but you'll never realize that you are totally a different person when you are struck by love. I recall my favorite song which is â€Å"Crazy Over You. † Who would have thought that love could drive somebody in the verge of madness and yet still be happy with the experience? Try to imagine getting crazy over a person you love and just think that â€Å"I am head over heels for you and that just feels great.† Sometimes, the heart makes decision, that the mind cannot explain, and this is when one will eventually realize that he or she is already in a vessel steering hard enough to be in the harbor of safety, hoping that it would end well. Based from the song, a love can get so consuming, and in the process of the romantic relationship, a person may lose oneself or might as well say that a little of everything may leave you nothing. Love is strong enough to hit somebody in the head and make that person forget who he or she really is the following day.However, I find the song interesting because in a broader sense, it is not just a manifestation of the typical ‘crazy love’. Underneath it lies the truth that when you love, you have to give your best shot, and alongside that love, you have to be able to leave something for yourself. In general, falling in love can be a sweet torment—sweet, because it offers you the ride that you ever dreamed of, and torment, because by the time that you are already consumed by it, you will never know where you are headed next and you will just realize you are already losing yourself.Chocolates I love chocolates. They remind me of my childhood when I can still stick my fingers into my mouth and feel the sweet taste of chocolate bursting on my tongue. I love the aroma of cocoa wafting from the kitchen. It makes me imagine how sweet life can be. As a child, I was like an ant that swarms over anything sweet. I grabbed every chocolate at home that my eyes set upon. I was so hooked into chocolates that I ate them until my teeth ached. I just can't get over the satisfaction that chocolates have to offer.Whenever I think of chocolates, they also make me think of having freedom. I wonder why that is. Then, a thought occurred to me: when I was a kid, chocolate was something that my parents considered as unhealthy, but what can I do? I had a sweet tooth, and being able to eat chocolates at my own expense was like stating that I would be able to eat whatever I liked to eat. Hence, for me, chocolate is more than just a candy. Chocolate is my friend, my companion during the lonely moments of my life.Indeed, my life would not be complete without chocolates. Tired I have two jobs right now, and I can say that I am working like a machine all the time. It is as if among the weariness that most people bear, mine is the worst. Everyday is like a travel thro ugh a thousand miles, and at the end of the day, I am always out of energy. After coming home from work, I feel like my whole body is under a massive rock and I could feel the sore piercing through my muscles.What adds up to the feeling of exhaustion is the undeniable churning of my stomach. As I arrive at our house, there is a sense of excitement within me. As I hurriedly go inside, my nose picks up the faint aroma of food spices. What is really thrilling is that mother prepares something special, and that is what I am looking forward to. With the hunger I am feeling which is intensified by my weariness, I could eat a horse. By the time that I am through munching on my food, I will lay my restless body on my waiting bed and sleep like a log.

Of Discourse by Francis Bacon

Of Discourse by Francis Bacon In her book Francis Bacon: Discovery and the Art of Discourse (1974), Lisa Jardine argues that Bacons Essays fall squarely under the heading of presentation or method of discourse. They are didactic, in Agricolas sense of presenting knowledge to someone in a form in which it may be believed and assimilated. . . . Basically these essays communicate precepts for the guidance of personal conduct in public affairs, based on Bacons own political experience. In the essay titled Of Discourse, Bacon explains how a person can lead the dance without appearing to dominate a conversation. You may find it worthwhile to compare Bacons aphoristic observations with the lengthier reflections offered by Jonathan Swift in Hints Toward an Essay on Conversation and by Samuel Johnson in Conversation. Of Discourse Some in their discourse desire rather commendation of wit, in being able to hold all arguments, than of judgment, in discerning what is true; as if it were a praise to know what might be said, and not what should be thought. Some have certain common-places and themes, wherein they are good, and want variety; which kind of poverty is for the most part tedious, and, when it is once perceived, ridiculous. The honourablest part of talk is to give the occasion; and again to moderate and pass to somewhat else, for then a man leads the dance. It is good in discourse, and speech of conversation, to vary and intermingle speech of the present occasion with arguments, tales with reasons, asking of questions with telling of opinions, and jest with earnest: for it is a dull thing to tire, and as we say now, to jade any thing too far. As for jest, there be certain things which ought to be privileged from it; namely, religion, matters of state, great persons, any mans present business of importance , any case that deserveth pity; yet there be some that think their wits have been asleep, except they dart out somewhat that is piquant, and to the quick; that is a vein which would be bridled; Parce, puer, stimulis, et fortius utere loris.* And, generally, men ought to find the difference between saltness and bitterness. Certainly, he that hath a satirical vein, as he maketh others afraid of his wit, so he had need be afraid of others memory. He that questioneth much, shall learn much, and content much; but especially if he apply his questions to the skill of the persons whom he asketh; for he shall give them occasion to please themselves in speaking, and himself shall continually gather knowledge; but let his questions not be troublesome, for that is fit for a poser; and let him be sure to leave other men their turns to speak: nay, if there be any that would reign and take up all the time, let him find means to take them oft, and to bring others on, as musicians use to do with those that dance too long galliards. If you dissemble sometimes your knowledge of that you are thought to know, you shall be thought, another time, to know that you know not. Speech of a mans self ought to be seldom, and well chosen. I knew one w as want to say in scorn, He must needs be a wise man, he speaks so much of himself: and there is but one case wherein a man may commend himself with good grace, and that is in commending virtue in another, especially if it be such a virtue whereunto himself pretendeth. Speech of touch towards others should be sparingly used; for discourse ought to be as a field, without coming home to any man. I knew two noblemen, of the west part of England, whereof the one was given to scoff, but kept ever royal cheer in his house; the other would ask of those that had been at the others table, Tell truly, was there never a flout or dry blow given? To which the guest would answer, Such and such a thing passed. The lord would say, I thought he would mar a good dinner. Discretion of speech is more than eloquence; and to speak agreeable to him with whom we deal, is more than to speak in good words, or in good order. A good continued speech, without a good speech of interlocution, shows slowness; and a good reply, or second speech, without a good settled speech, showeth shallowness and weakness. As we see in beasts, that those that are weakest in the course, are yet nimblest in the turn: as it is betwixt the greyhound and the hare. To use too many circumstances, ere one come to the matter, is wearisome; to use none at all, is blunt. Â   (1625) * Spare the whip, boy, and hold tighter the reins (Ovid, Metamorphoses).

The eNotes Blog eNotes Book ClubWater

Book ClubWater For this installment of our book club series, we chose the theme of â€Å"water.† If youre looking for stories that capture the fluidity of life and the beauty of nature, read on! â€Å"Tenth of December† by George Saunders Having just finished Lincoln in the Bardo, Id been wanting to read more stories by George Saunders. So, once we settled on the theme of â€Å"Water,† I grabbed the office copy of Tenth of December, opened to the titular short story, saw the mention of a pond, and away we went. Saunders prose style imitates the flow of thought in novel ways, revealing emotion and humor through wordplay, syntax variations, and point of view. In brief, Tenth of December is set in a park during winter and tells the story of a young boy and a middle-aged man who manage to help each other through their respective crises. While a few of us thought parts of the story were almost too sad, the group all felt the power of this emotional read. Its still unclear to us just how his writing had us suddenly full of tears right after belly laughing- and then back again. We found the style dazzling, the tone fascinating, and the way Saunders writes feeling as distinctly human. All in all, this piece- or another of his (yes, please read Fox 8)- is definitely worth reading. - Wes â€Å"A Guide to Sirens† by Lee Conell In response to this prompt, my first urge was to find a mermaid story. When that search brought up nothing but children’s stories, I tried â€Å"underwater.† Then â€Å"rain.† Then â€Å"beach.† I was dismayed and frustrated to find that my broad, atmospheric search terms were bringing up short stories focusing on failed marriages and/or divorced couples. Which is why, in my frustration, I was glad to find â€Å"A Guide to Sirens.† Though the story is (inevitably) about a divorced man, it seems to poke fun at the tired trope of failed love by introducing a semi-supernatural element to the mix. We enjoyed theorizing about the story: Is our protagonist led to his death by a siren? Is it an exploration of a depressed man’s imagination? Or, digging a little deeper, is â€Å"A Guide to Sirens† the story of this man’s suicide? As much as we enjoyed discussing our theories and predictions, we didn’t love Conell’s writing. Many of us felt her stiff, wordy language tries too hard and says more than needed; one of us described her language choice as â€Å"fake deep.† The dialogue is clunky, the characters surface-level, and overall, we felt Conell’s story lacks direction. â€Å"A Guide to Sirens† is a quick read, but don’t expect to be blown away by the prose. - Kate â€Å"A Perfect Day for Bananafish† by J. D. Salinger â€Å"A Perfect Day for Bananafish† is the first story in J. D. Salinger’s Nine Stories collection and is easily his most famous short story. I assigned this after reading Kate’s pick since both stories’ setting and mood had interesting parallels for us to explore. In â€Å"Bananafish,† we meet Muriel Glass as she’s on the phone with her mother, hiding from the Florida sun in her hotel room. While they discuss Muriel’s husband, Seymour, you get a sense of looming drama and foreboding regarding his disturbing actions, past and present, and mental state. We then find ourselves lounging with Seymour in a robe on the beach. He goes for a dip in the ocean with Sybil, a young girl, where the title of the piece is revealed on their hunt for Bananafish. After Sybil says she spots one, Seymour kisses her feet and abruptly leaves for his hotel room, where he shoots himself in the head with a pistol. This was the first read through for the group, and I was so excited to share it with them. A member praised this story as a â€Å"masterclass in showing not telling† due to the tight, believable dialogue- especially the opening scene with Muriel and her mother. â€Å"Bananafish† is one of those stories that gives and gives the more and more you look, with a variety of at-times paradoxical opinions and takeaways from the story. With so many discussion possibilities, takes, and interpretations, I can’t recommend this story more for your classroom or next book club. - Sam A Quartet of American Nature Writers As we discussed the topic of water, I became interested in the ways water has been depicted in prose. For my selection, I found myself drawn to works that combine linguistic exuberance with exposition. The first piece I chose was the opening of Rachel Carson’s The Sea Around Us. She brings to her writing on marine topics a keen attention to the conclusions of science elevated by a grand, almost biblical tone: â€Å"Beginning are apt to be shadowy, and so it is with the beginnings of that great mother life, the sea.† Her fascination with origins lends the piece an awe-inspiring scope. Next, I selected chapter 58 of Herman Melvilles Moby-Dick. Although fictional, Moby-Dick so often verges into expository tangents on marine matters that I deemed its inclusion warranted- even necessary, given its influence on American letters. As the Pequot glides through the Indian Ocean, Ishmael evokes the oft-forgotten horrors of the sea: â€Å"Baby man may brag of his science and skill†¦ yet forever and ever, to the crack of doom, the sea will insult and murder him.† Henry David Thoreau’s Walden offers a more placid view of water, particularly in the chapter â€Å"The Ponds.† In clear, sensuous prose, Thoreau tells of the joys of Walden Pond, such as â€Å"fishing from a boat by moonlight, serenaded by foxes and owls.† Thoreau describes the night sky’s reflection the dark water, which makes his fishing line appear to glide upward, in the direction of his thoughts, â€Å"to vast and cosmogony themes in other spheres.† Finally, I chose a passage from Ann Zwinger’s Run, River, Run. Zwinger, like Thoreau, foregoes generality in favor of specificity. Her book centers on the Green River, which flows through Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah. Zwinger describes the river in prose that ranges from sharp observation to breathless awe to wry humor- the last of which can be seen in her description of the river’s confluence with the Colorado River: â€Å"There by Congressional proclamation, having fallen over 9,000 feet in 730 miles, the Green River ends.† - Zack â€Å"The Daughter Cells† by Daniel Mallory Ortberg I’ve been a huge fan of Ortberg’s writing since his days at The Toast and was thrilled with the opportunity to subject the bookclub to him. An immediately appealing aspect of â€Å"The Daughter Cells† is its unique approach to â€Å"water†- Ortberg’s underwater society is practical and utilitarian, and the literal liquidity of its borders is used to contextualize ideas of personal property rather than to describe the mystery and romance usually associated with mermaids. But, then, the heroine isn’t really a mermaid. â€Å"The Daughter Cells† is similar to Hans Christian Andersen’s â€Å"The Little Mermaid,† but it easily stands alone. It reads like a straightforward story told by an impatient older sibling; the depth of its world-building and the complexity of its themes seemed to sneak up on us. But once group discussion began, it felt like we could talk about this story for hours. Through the culture of his underwater society, Ortberg explores definitions of individuality, the confusion of necessary and unnecessary suffering, and the varying roles offered through different relationships. We enjoyed the multiple angles from which these topics were approached and the narrator’s colloquial- though somewhat condescending- relationship with the reader. And while there are places where the narrative voice is perhaps a bit much, there’s still the plain fun of Ortberg’s approach. For example, his heroine’s interaction with her unconscious prince on the beach seems hardly the stuff of fairy tales: She had never seen anyone who lived above water so placid before. It seemed eminently sensible, and so she decided to love him for it. She was delighted that she had been away from home less than a day and already she had found something useful to do. It’s just delightful. Our entire group found a lot to engage with, and everyone enjoyed the read, so we can recommend this one wholeheartedly. - Caitlin â€Å"Brawler† by Lauren Groff After hearing stories of oceans, lakes, and ponds, Lauren Groff’s â€Å"Brawler† took our book club to a different setting of water- a pool. I can only describe the short story from The New Yorker as a coming-of-age snapshot. Though the story lacks a plot, it effectively evokes feeling. It’s one of those reads that may be best to just let it wash over you and take from it what you will. We are introduced to Sara as she’s arriving late to a diving meet, knuckles bloodied from a fight she had with a boy in her class. Through a series of actions and flashbacks, we learn Sara doesn’t have many friends, often gets into trouble, and has assumed the role of a caretaker at home. The theme and imagery of water is flows throughout this entire story. Water is the place where Sara finds solace. It’s associated with the memory of her father, it’s where she excels as a diver, and it’s the only place where she can feel weightless. Our discussion sparked concerns for what will become of Sara. Some of us felt that she’ll figure it out, because of her strong will and independence. Others felt concern about the lack of guidance and support she receives at home, thus making her gravitate toward men who give her attention. Ultimately, we decided that Sara recognizes that she’s transitioning into womanhood, perhaps both physically and emotionally. Regardless of what that transition will bring, we feel confident she’ll survive anything because she is a â€Å"brawler.† - Savannah

Applied Anatomy and Physiology (Case Study) Essay

Applied Anatomy and Physiology (Case Study) - Essay Example Physiology can be grouped into several categories depending on what the physiologists are studying (Marieb and Hoehn 2009, p.317). In this particular approach, physiology is viewed in terms of medical aspect. This particular category focuses on human body functioning dependent on individual organ systems. These organ systems are in turn dependent on component functioning of the various cells in the system. The underlying cellular components are further studied at sub cellular levels so as to ascertain the interactions at cellular and molecular levels. As a result, medical physiology gains an integrated outlook of the human body. This is done with a view of understanding events at the cellular, molecular and organ levels. It is in this perspective that physiology has been attributed as the mother of several biological sciences including neuroscience, biochemistry and biophysics. This suggests that physiology has limited boundaries to other disciplines hence can be termed as multidisci plinary. In this case study, we find the correlation between biochemistry and clinical medicine extremely important in the case o a patient having tonsillectomy (Marieb and Hoehn 2009, p.298) Anatomy is the branch of medicine that deals with the morphology of body organs. In this case study, the organ system that comes into play is the lymphatic system which plays a crucial role in immunity. Cells within the lymphatic system are organized into tissues and organs and can be grouped into three main categories. This classification is done on the basis of their levels of arrangement or encapsulation of the tissues to the connective tissue. The first category comprises of dispersed bundles of lymphatic cells that are without a capsule. This form of lymphatic tissue is exemplified by macrophages and lymphocytes. They are linked to fiber network. This group of lymphatic tissues occurs within the middle layer of the mucus membranes termed lamina propria. This covering plays a role in lining respiratory and gastrointestinal regions (Shier, Butler and Lewis 2012, p.212). The second group comprises the organs that contain circulative lymphatic cells and lymph nodules which are capsulated and connected to the dense connective tissue. The third group which forms the focus of the case study consists of distinct bundles of lymphatic cells referred to as lymphatic nodules. A distinctive feature of this group of cells is the lack of capsules within their membranes. Additionally, these packs of cells possess clear demarcations which separate them from adjacent cells. They have a wide range of distribution within the human body and this explains their importance in immune responses. They are found within the lamina propria of mucus secreting coverings and line respiratory, urinary, gastrointestinal and reproductive tracts. Generally they are called mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue abbreviated as MALT. Lymphatic nodules or follicles secrete macrophages and lymphocytes which are protective towards pathogens which interfere with passages of urine, air and gut. Lymph nodes can occur as solitary nodules or they can be clustered into aggregates. Some of the most common clusters of lymph nodes include Peyer’s patches which are basically aggregates of the mucosa which lines the small intestines (Van Putte, Regan and Russo 2012, p.372). The second group of clustered lymph nodes is tonsils which basically occur within the

3,000-word individual report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

3,000-word individual report - Essay Example They are investing in foreign countries to explore potential resources existing in these nations. They use innovative business strategies to enhance the profitability of business and quality of products and services offered to the customers. Undoubtedly, this improves the competitive advantage of the company and helps it to acquire a competitive position in the market. To develop a better understanding of globalisation and its impact on contemporary business environment; an in-depth analysis of business environment of China will be conducted. This analysis will help to identify the motivational factors as well as the obstructions faced by the international company. This analysis will also assist in understanding features of national innovation system existing in China’s automobile sector which help to attract high amount of foreign direct investment. And finally, the strategy to be followed by Volkswagen will be discussed to introduce innovation in the existing business process. This report basically discusses the globalisation strategy to be selected by one of the well know international brand, Volkswagen for expanding its business. The company was established in 1937 by the Nazi trade union in Germany. The term â€Å"Volkswagen† means â€Å"peoples car†. With time, the company diversified its market and became an international brand (Volkswagen). As per the market data, Volkswagen has a dominant position in China. In the second quarter of 2010, China was the most profitable market of Volkswagen (Cremer, 2010). The data published by the company reflects a sharp increase of â‚ ¬172m in operating profit during Q3 in China market (Schà ¤fe, 2010). From January 2010 to September 2010, the company performed well in China, registering a stupendous growth both in terms of volume and profitability. In the last three quarters, Volkswagen sold 1.48 million cars in China; a growth of 39 percent on y-o-y basis. This